In Situ Techniques for Characterization of Layered Double Hydroxide-Based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts

Functional layered double hydroxide (LDH) usually contains different cationic substitutes to increase the activity of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The intrinsic OER LDH materials is connected with chemical composition and dispersion metal cations substitutions in matrix phase. potential induced phase transitions, particular hydroxide-to-oxyhydroxide are a predisposition for high can be followed by coupling electrochemical experiments spectroscopic techniques. understanding catalysts under conditions also allows an behavior based on transition metals, metal-chalcogenides, -pnictides, -carbides, metal–organic frameworks. surfaces those intrinsically poor catalysts. However, they act as precursors catalysts, which oxidized into (oxy)hydroxide. This review summarizes use situ techniques characterization LDH-based electrocatalysts presents influence these identification active sites, mechanisms.